In the age of social media and quick fixes, more and more products are promoted as the 'secret' to a better body, more energy and slower ageing. Among the latest trends gaining ground are injectable peptides, substances heavily advertised on TikTok and Instagram as solutions for faster injury recovery, weight loss, increased muscle mass and improved mood.
This trend, which began mainly in the United States through podcasts and fitness influencers, has now reached Cyprus. However, behind impressive testimonials and promises of dramatic results, authorities warn that many of these products are not approved and may pose serious risks to health.
What they are
Peptides are small chains of amino acids, substances that naturally exist in the human body and play important biological roles. Some have long been used as active ingredients in approved medicines, such as insulin.
In recent years, however, substances such as BPC‑157, TB‑500 and ipamorelin have become popular online, with claims that they aid healing, reduce inflammation and enhance athletic performance. Most of these products have not been approved for human use in the European Union. In many cases, studies have been limited to animals or laboratory settings rather than human trials.
The warning
Responding to questions from Politis, the Pharmaceutical Services state that there is extensive online promotion of substances marketed as “peptides” that are not approved medicinal products and whose claims are not supported by scientific evidence.
They stress that products containing substances such as BPC‑157, ipamorelin and TB‑500 have not been evaluated for quality, safety or effectiveness. Some of these substances are also listed as banned by the World Anti‑Doping Agency.
Legislation and risks
Under pharmaceutical legislation, any product intended for the prevention, diagnosis or treatment of disease is considered a medicinal product and requires authorisation. The same applies to injectable products.
Pharmaceutical Services warn that “non‑approved peptide products are circulated illegally (…) often without clear information on their composition, strength or dosage.” This is considered particularly dangerous, as users cannot be certain of potential side effects.
Seizures and a 'grey market'
In Cyprus, such products have already been detected and seized, with authorities continuing to monitor the market and take measures to protect public health. They also emphasise that there are no approved peptide products in the country for the uses promoted on social media and unreliable websites.
One of the key reasons for their popularity is the personal stories circulating online. According to a BBC report, “people suffering from chronic pain in shoulders, knees or the lower back describe turning to peptides after physiotherapy and other treatments failed.”
At the same time, a “grey market” has developed online. Many products are sold as “for research use only,” even though it is clear they are purchased for personal use. These products are not subject to the same strict controls as approved medicines, meaning consumers cannot be certain whether they contain the substances stated on the label or whether they include impurities or contamination.
