Below is an overview of the main United States military facilities across the Middle East.
Bahrain
Bahrain hosts a major US naval base that is home to the US Fifth Fleet. The deep-water port accommodates large US vessels, including aircraft carriers. The US Navy has used the facility since 1948.
Qatar
Qatar is home to Al Udeid Air Base, the largest US military installation in the region. The base hosts key command centres of US Central Command, responsible for operations spanning from Egypt to Kazakhstan.
Al Udeid accommodates fighter aircraft, airlift and aerial refuelling assets, intelligence units and approximately 10,000 US personnel.
Kuwait
Kuwait hosts several US facilities, including Camp Arifjan, which serves as the forward headquarters of US Army Central Command. Ali Al Salem Air Base, located about 40 kilometres from the Iraqi border, also operates in the country.
Camp Buehring was established in 2003 during the Iraq war and functions as a staging ground for US forces deployed to Iraq and Syria.
United Arab Emirates
Al Dhafra Air Base, south of Abu Dhabi, is a key facility for the US Air Force.
Jebel Ali port in Dubai, while not officially a US base, is the largest port of call for US Navy vessels in the region.
Iraq
The United States maintains a presence at Ain al-Asad Air Base in western Anbar province, supporting Iraqi security forces and contributing to NATO missions, according to the White House.
In 2020, the base was targeted by Iranian missile strikes in retaliation for the killing of Iranian General Qasem Soleimani in a US operation.
US and coalition forces are also stationed at Erbil Air Base in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan region of Iraq, as part of efforts against the Islamic State group.
Saudi Arabia
According to a 2024 letter from the White House, 2,321 US troops were stationed in Saudi Arabia, operating in coordination with the Saudi government.
Some personnel are based around 60 kilometres south of Riyadh at Prince Sultan Air Base.
Jordan
Muwaffaq al-Salti Air Base is located in Azraq, approximately 100 kilometres north-east of the capital, Amman.
Syria
The United States has maintained a military presence at several locations in Syria as part of international efforts against the Islamic State group.
However, US forces are currently withdrawing from the country, with the process expected to conclude within a month, according to multiple sources cited by AFP.