1533 Pizarro reaches the Inca capital. Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cusco, capital of the Inca Empire.
1832 The first horse-drawn tram. The first horse-drawn streetcar enters service on the streets of New York.
1840 Birth of Claude Monet, French painter and one of the founders of Impressionism.
1851 Moby-Dick is published. Herman Melville publishes his classic novel in the United States.
1863 The Ionian Islands go to Greece. Under the Treaty of London, Britain cedes the Ionian Islands to Greece.
1908 Birth of Joseph McCarthy, American senator. McCarthy led a sweeping campaign against alleged communists in US public life, turning anticommunism into a vehicle for personal prominence with no regard for ethical limits and destroying the lives, reputations and careers of thousands of Americans. The McCarthy era came to an end in 1954, when the US Senate censured him.
1910 The first take-off from a ship. In a first for aviation history, Eugene Ely flies an aircraft off the deck of the cruiser USS Birmingham.
1922 The BBC begins regular radio broadcasts.
1922 Birth of Boutros Boutros-Ghali, former secretary-general of the United Nations.
1929 Enosis demand rejected. The British government rejects the demand of Greek Cypriots for the union of Cyprus with Greece.
1935 Birth of Lefteris Papadopoulos, lyricist.
1949 Birth of Vangelis Germanos, singer and composer.
1952 Birth of Dimitra Galani, singer.
1954 Birth of Yanni. Giannis Chryssomallis is born in Kalamata and goes on to build a major career in the United States in new age music under the name Yanni.
1960 Desegregation in New Orleans. Two schools in New Orleans admit Black pupils for the first time.
1963 A new island is born. An undersea volcanic eruption off the south coast of Iceland begins forming the island of Surtsey.
1969 Apollo 12 lifts off. The mission will carry out the second US crewed landing on the Moon.
1973 The Polytechnic occupation begins. Students at the National Technical University of Athens begin a strike in protest against the junta, the start of the events that would become the Athens Polytechnic uprising.
1995 Germany approves the extradition to Singapore of Nick Leeson, whose trading activities had caused the collapse of Britain’s Barings Bank.
1997 Mass funeral in Albania. More than 30,000 people attend the funeral of 52 refugees who drowned in the Adriatic when their boat sank after colliding with an Italian navy vessel.
2002 Iraq accepts UN resolution. Baghdad unconditionally accepts the UN Security Council resolution on the return of weapons inspectors to monitor and disarm its arsenal, a decision welcomed by the United States.
2006 South Africa’s parliament votes to legalise same-sex marriage.
2008 India reaches the Moon. An Indian probe strikes the lunar surface, the first time the country has reached the Moon since its space programme began.
